What are the symptoms of molar pregnancy?
Hydatidiform mole is an abnormal pregnancy condition in which the fertilized egg develops abnormally and forms a blister-like tissue that resembles a bunch of grapes. In recent years, topics related to molar pregnancy have attracted attention on social platforms, especially among women in early pregnancy who have increased discussions on its symptoms and risks. The following is a detailed analysis of the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of molar pregnancy.
1. Common symptoms of hydatidiform mole
A molar pregnancy may present with symptoms similar to those of a normal pregnancy in the early stages, but as it progresses the following typical features will appear:
| Symptoms | Specific performance | Emergence stage |
|---|---|---|
| abnormal vaginal bleeding | Dark red or brown discharge, which may be accompanied by blister-like tissue discharge | 6-12 weeks of pregnancy |
| severe morning sickness | Early pregnancy reactions are far beyond normal, and you can even be unable to eat | early pregnancy |
| Abnormal enlargement of the uterus | The size of the uterus exceeds the actual gestational age | After 8 weeks of pregnancy |
| abdominal pain | Persistent distending or cramping pain in the lower abdomen | When accompanied by bleeding |
| high blood pressure or proteinuria | Symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension occur earlier than 20 weeks of pregnancy | before second trimester |
2. High-risk factors for molar pregnancy
According to recent medical research data, the following groups of people need to be extra vigilant:
| risk factors | risk value | Prevention advice |
|---|---|---|
| Age > 35 years old or < 20 years old | Risk increased 2-3 times | Pre-pregnancy consultation + early ultrasound examination |
| Past history of molar pregnancy | Recurrence rate 1-2% | Strict contraception for 1 year + HCG monitoring |
| Vitamin A deficiency | Correlation reaches 40% | Pre-pregnancy multivitamin supplements |
3. Diagnosis and treatment process
When suspicious symptoms appear, you should seek medical treatment promptly for the following examinations:
1.Ultrasound examination: The typical manifestation is "falling snow-like" or "honeycomb-like" uterine cavity echo without normal fetal heartbeat.
2.HCG test: Abnormally elevated values, usually exceeding 100,000 mIU/ml.
3.Pathological examination: Histopathological diagnosis after curettage.
Treatment mainly includes:
- Emergency curettage surgery (needs to be performed by an experienced doctor)
- HCG monitoring every week after surgery until negative for 3 consecutive times
- Contraception for at least 6-12 months (to prevent another pregnancy from interfering with monitoring)
4. Recent hot discussions
On social platforms, discussions about molar pregnancy mainly focus on:
1.Misdiagnosis controversy: Some patients reported that they were mistaken for threatened abortion in the early stage.
2.psychological rehabilitation: Anxiety management of subsequent pregnancy after molar pregnancy
3.New detection technology: The application prospects of cfDNA detection in early diagnosis
5. Prevention and precautions
1. Supplement folic acid (0.4-0.8mg/day) 3 months before pregnancy
2. Avoid exposure to ionizing radiation and chemical poisons
3. Avoid taking tocolytic drugs by yourself when abnormal symptoms occur
4. Follow up strictly after treatment and be alert to the risk of choriocarcinoma (about 2-3% possibility of malignant transformation)
Although molar pregnancy is a rare pregnancy complication (the incidence rate is about 1/1000), timely recognition and treatment can lead to a good prognosis. It is recommended that pregnant women have regular prenatal check-ups and abnormal symptoms be diagnosed and treated early.
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